Методические рекомендации по выполнению

дополнительных практических работ по дисциплине «Иностранный

язык» для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы обучения по теме

« Научно-технический прогресс в мировом развитии»

Разработчик преподаватель английского зыка Климова И.В.

2019

Москва

Пояснительная записка.

Методические рекомендации по выполнению дополнительных практических работ по

дисциплине «Иностранный язык» предназначены для студентов 2-3 курсов очной формы

обучения и преподавателей средних профессиональных учебных заведений, соответствуют

действующей программе, и содержит систему заданий для аудиторных и внеаудиторных

практических работ.

Методические рекомендации представляют собой систему упражнений по развитию и

совершенствованию навыков аудирования, чтения про себя и лексико-грамматических навыков и

устной монологической речи.

Данные рекомендации включают в себя разнообразные тексты по теме « Научно-технический

прогресс в мировом развитии» и упражнения после этих текстов.

Рекомендации состоят из трех разделов- задания по аудированию, задания по чтению и устной

речи, лексико-грамматические задания.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие задания по аудированию : выберите

правильный вариант ответа, расскажите текст, используя план, прочитайте вопросы и найдите

соответствующий ответ.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие задания по чтению : прочитайте текст про

себя, установите соответствие между заголовками и текстами, переведите тексты на русский

язык, перескажите тексты своими словами, прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски частями

предложений, составьте план текста и перескажите его, выпишите ключевые слова и перескажите

текст, найдите в тексте причастие 1и 2 и определите его функции, объясните явление на

английском языке, составьте краткий пересказ текста из 10 предложений, выпишите из текста все

числительные, напишите эти числительные словами, напишите что обозначают эти

числительные.

Методические рекомендации включают следующие лексико-грамматические задания:

прочитайте текст, преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после

пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста,

переведите текст на русский язык, задайте вопросы по тексту, перескажите текст, используя

следующие ключевые слова, используя лексику текста, расскажите о своем личном опыте,

выпишите из текста все недостатки и преимущества (использования компьютера и Интернета.),

задайте 10 вопросов к тексту, расскажите текст по плану, прочитайте текст, преобразуйте, если

необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они

грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста, выпишите из текста

придаточные определительные предложения, прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными

буквами. Выберите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа, задайте вопросы к тексту,

прочитайте и переведите текст, придумайте задания к тексту.

Предлагаемые задания отличаются разнообразием и степенью трудности, что позволяет

использовать упражнения на разных этапах обучения и соответственно разным уровням знаний

студентов.

Лексико-грамматический состав упражнений отвечает требованиям федеральных программ по

английскому языку для групп СПО.

I. Задания на аудирование.

Задание 1.

1. Снятие трудностей

Deaf, customer, sign language, to place an order, electronic interpreter, glove, transmit the information,

top honours, wiring things, equipment, appropriate, hardware, the best solution, invention, make an

impact.

Текст. Science and technology.

Kathie Holmes

Good afternoon, this is Kathie Holmes in our programme, ‘Young and Brainy’. Today I’m going to be

speaking to Ryan Patterson, a teenager whose invention may bridge the communication gap between

the deaf and those that can hear. Ryan, tell us how it all started.

Ryan Patterson

It was two years ago. I was waiting to be served at our local Burger King and I noticed a group of

customers using sign language to place an order. They were obviously deaf. They communicated with

a speaking interpreter and he relayed their choices to a cashier. I thought it would make things easier if

they had an electronic interpreter instead. I remembered the idea later, when I was thinking of a new

project for a science competition. I called it Sign Language Translator. It consists of a glove which is

lined with ten sensors. The sensors detect the hand positions that are used to shape the alphabet of

American Sign Language. Then a microprocessor transmits the information to a small portable

receiver. The receiver has a screen similar to those on cell phones, and this screen displays the words,

letter by letter. In this way people can read the words, even if they don’t understand sign language, and

people who use sign language can communicate without an interpreter.

Kathie

Are you impressed? So were judges at the 2001 Siemens Science and Technology Competition. The

project received top honours, along with a $100,000 college scholarship for the young inventor. And

now Ryan’s project is already patented. Ryan, how long did you experiment with the invention before

you finally produced the prototype?

Ryan

Around nine months. I started with researching how sign language works. Then I had to figure out how

to translate all that electronically. Fortunately, I’ve always had an interest in electronics. I’ve liked

wiring things together since I was four years old. I also had hands-on experience from my part-time

job at a robotic-equipment lab.

Kathie

Did you have problems finding appropriate materials?

Ryan

I’m used to hunting for hardware to build competition robots, but for this project I also had to try on

many different gloves. A golf glove turned out to be the best solution. It’s soft and flexible and fits

closely.

Kathie

According to the National Institute of Deafness, one to two million people in the U.S. are profoundly

deaf. And most of them use sign language to communicate. Will your invention make an impact?

Ryan

There was a demonstration at our local deaf community centre and the people were interested. What I

have now isn’t ready for production. I’m sure it’ll be very different by the time it’s actually

manufactured. But I do hope to see it on the market one day.

2.Задание после первого прослушивания.

Выберите правильный вариант

A. Ryan Patterson is

1)

after ten

2)

after 20

3)

after 30

B. His invention helped

1)

to cure cancer

2)

to help infirm people

3)

to perform a surgery

C. He invented

1)

an electronic gadget

2)

some medicine

3)

a medicine drink

D.Using this gadget people can

1)

listen to human speech

2)

read words

3)

answer questions

E. His project was

1)

immediate success

2)

never received any patent

3)

is already patented

F. Ryan had an interest

1)

in electronics

2)

copper wires

3)

mathematics

G. The golf glove was the best solution because

1)

it is water-proof

2)

flexible

3)

made of rubber

H. Ryan Patterson invention

1)

can be bought for a high price

2)

has a lot of rivals on the market

3)

hasn’t come to the market yet

3 Задание после второго прослушивания.

Расскажите текст, используя план.

1) The significance of Ryans Paterson

2) When and where did the idea to invent the device came to his head?

3) When did he remember the idea?

4) Describe the invention Sign Language Translator . Use the following words-to consist of, to be

lined, sensors, to detect, to shape, to transmit the information , a screen, a cell phone, to display , to

understand sign language, to communicate.

5) Prove that the project was successful.

6) How long did the experiment with the invention last?

7) What was he interested in when I was a child?

8) Did he have problems finding appropriate materials?

9) What was his final choice? Why?

10) What hopes does he have regarding his invention?

Задание 2.

You are going to listen to a part of a radio programme about the lives of

these

famous inventors. Read

questions 1-8 and match each question to the person A-C that is refers to.

A. Alexander Graham Bell B. Maria Mitchell C. Jan Szczepanik

1. Who came from a big family? B

2. Who received a medal from a king? C

3. Whose scientific interests were not grounded in family traditions? C

4. Whose achievements were appreciated outside his/her country? C

5. Whose research was concentrated on one field of science? B

6. Who had planned a different career? A

7. Who worked as a teacher? A

8. Whose birthplace is open to the public? B

Alexander Graham Bell as a young boy.

The telephone inventor Alexander Graham Bell liked mathematics, and science, but he was easily bored

at school. He was much more interested in experimenting and discovering things on his own. One of his

first inventions was a simple machine imitating the human voice. Alexander built it with his brother

Melville when they were still children.

As a teenager, Bell wanted to become an actor or a sailor. Instead, he worked, like his father, as a speech

therapist, and taught deaf people. Bell’s studies of the human ear and voice vibrations, and years of

experiments resulted in 1876 in the first telephone conversation between Bell and his assistant Tomas

Watson.

Alexander Bell’s lifelong interest in nature and science also led to a variety of other invention ideas,

including experiments with flight and designing aeroplanes.

Maria Mitchell

Maria Mitchell was one of the most famous American scientists of the 19

th

century. Born in 1818, in

Massachusetts, Maria was the third child of a family with ten children. Her father was a dedicated

astronomer and teacher, and he encouraged Maria’s scientific interests. In 1847, when she was looking

at the sky through a telescope from the roof of her parents’ house, she discovered a new comet. A year

later she became the first woman admitted to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the first

female professor of astronomy in the USA.

After her death, the Maria Mitchell Astronomical Society was created as tribute to her memory. The

house where she was born was turned into a museum.

Jan Szczepanik

There was an inventor who is sometimes called the “Polish Edison”. His name was Jan Szczepanik, and

he was born in a poor uneducated family in a small village in the south of Poland.

During the 54 years of his life, Szczepanik got a few hundred patents and made over fifty inventions,

many of which are still used today, especially in colour photography, film production and television. He

also worked on a moving wing aircraft, an airship and a submarine.

Szczepanik patented his inventions in Germany and England. The American novelist Mark Twain wrote

two articles about his achievements, and the King of Spain gave him an order after a silk bullet-proof

vest шелковый бронежилет invented by the `Polish Edison` had saved his life.

II. Задания для развития и совершенствования навыков чтения про себя.

Задание 1.

Прочитайте текст про себя. Установите соответствие между заголовками А—Н и текстами 1—7.

Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A. Behind the Wheel

Е. Permanent People

B. Pessimistic Predictions

F. Greenhouse Effect

C. Intelligent House

G. Easy Shopping

D. New Possibilities for Business

H. Future Entertainment

1. The smart fridge will be connected to the internet as part of a home network that runs your domestic

life, interacting with the barcodes on your food, and re-ordering them on-line as you use them. Virtually

all domestic appliances will be linked by computer, so that the fridge can communicate with the cooker

and rubbish bin, coordinating complex tasks such as cooking a meal.

2.

Children of the future will never be able to complain that there's no one to play with. Equipped with

virtual reality headsets, they will be taking part in global games, for example, in medieval jousting

tournaments. Their opponents, selected by the computer, will probably live on the other side of the world.

3.

Cars of the future will take much of the strain out of driving. The intelligent navigation system will be

able to choose the best route for you by monitoring an online traffic database for hold-ups, while the

cruise control keeps a constant distance from the car in front. And if you exceed the speed limit, the

speedometer will give a polite warning to you.

4.

Holographic conferencing and virtual reality meetings will allow people to interact with colleagues and

clients via computer, without needing to leave the comfort of their own homes. This will also mean that a

lot more people will either work freelance from home, or on flexible short-term contracts. The old

concept 'jobs for life' will be a thing of the past.

5.

In the future it will become harder to tell the difference between the human and the machine. All body

parts will be replaceable. A computer will function like the human brain with the ability to recognize

feelings and respond in a feeling way. We will then be able to create a machine duplicate of ourselves and

transfer our spirit so we will be able to live for as long as we want.

6.

There will be great changes to the environment particularly because of the rising sea levels. Global

warming is expected to cause oceans to ise by one meter, which will increase the risk of flooding. It will

happen regardless of any future actions to curb greenhouse gases. Projected climate change will also tend

to degrade water quality through higher water temperatures.

7.

We will not rely so much on cash as we do now. It will mainly be digital money, the inevitable medium of

exchange for an increasingly wired world. We will no longer need to carry a wad of bills or fumble for

exact change. Supermarkets will have iris recognition systems so the money for our groceries will

automatically be transferred from our bank accounts as we're standing at the checkout.

Задание 2.

1.Прочитайте текст про себя.. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-

G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

2.Переведите тексты на русский язык

3.Перескажите тексты своими словами

1. Unexpected Tech Failure

2. Military Use

3. World Without Drivers

4. Health Benefits

5. Saving Time And Money

6. Other Side of the Coin

7. Robotic Future

8. Specialised Vehicles

A. Globally released worldwide, Microsoft Vista hit the markets in early 2007. Its ideology was to

enhance the security system of the personal computer. But the security features weren't all that better than

its previous versions', according to many software critics. Vista is also not compatible on all sorts of PC's

and runs slower compared to Windows XP. All of this prevented Vista from being a better version and it

never took off like the company had hoped.

B. A couple centuries ago, if you wanted to record a moment for posterity, you sat around for hours or

days while someone painted it. Up until ten years ago, you were at the mercy of photo developers

charging 20 cents or more to help preserve your memories. Now you can record countless images and

store them electronically for all of eternity at virtually no cost per picture.

C. With technology advancing at the pace it is today, we have to believe that by the end of the century we

won't be driving our cars around the city. Rather, we will just be sitting on the then historic driver's seat

and doing some work. While the concept looks futuristic, industrial designer Kubik Petr believes that

nothing seems impossible with modern technology at hand.

D. The Kenguru is designed only for the disabled. Previously car manufacturers would design cars for the

disabled but not specifically for them. This Hungarian company is taking it to the next step, the disabled

will be able to open the rear of the car and just roll in the driving position, secure their wheelchair —

without never having to leave their chair.

E. Technology certainly offers us innumerable comforts within our world, especially when it comes to

people who have extreme medical conditions and need the help of science and technology to live

comfortably within their everyday lives. The creation of robot limbs allows a person to walk again. The

introduction of synthetic body parts such as a heart pump can help a person to live longer.

F. Everyone knows that being a soldier is a dangerous job. Walking through minefields, deactivating

unexploded bombs or clearing out hostile buildings, for example, are some of the riskiest tasks. What if

we could send robots to do these jobs instead of humans? Then, if something went wrong, we'd only lose

the money it cost to build the robot instead of losing a human life.

G. Cutting edge technologies offer the hope for a better world, bringing welcome solutions to everything

from disease to environmental damage. But these same technologies can also bring danger by aiding

criminals and terrorists, invading personal privacy and even potentially creating diseases and damaging

the environment. The more powerful and pervasive technology becomes, the more dangerous it becomes

as well.

Ответы 1538426

Задание 3.

1.Прочитайте текст про себя. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-

G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Not for children

2. Benefits for poor countries

3. Illegal and unsafe

4. Small size - great role

5. One is not enough

6. Don't speak - text

7. Spreading wider - weighing lighter

8. One device - many functions

A. A mobile phone (also known as a cell phone) is a device that can make and receive telephone calls

while moving around. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone

operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. In addition to telephony, modem mobile

phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access,

Bluetooth, business applications, gaming and photography.

B. The first hand-held mobile phone was demonstrated by Dr. Martin Cooper ol Motorola in 1973, using

a handset weighing around 1 kg. In 1983, the first commercial cell phone was released. In the twenty

years from 1990 to 2010, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew from 12.4 million to over 4.6

billion. It got to the developing countries and reached the poorest citizens. The devices themselves have

also become smaller and much lighter.

C. The most commonly used data application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging. The first SMS

text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the first person-to-

person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993.The first mobile news service, delivered

via SMS, was launched in Finland in 2000. Mobile news services are expanding with many organizations

providing «оп-demand» news services by SMS.

D. Mobile phones need a small microchip called a Subscriber Identity Module, or SIM card, to function.

The SIM card is approximately the size of a small postage stamp and is usually placed underneath the

battery in the rear of the unit. The SIM card does not only store data like telephone numbers but also

allows users to change phones by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile phone and inserting it

into another mobile phone or broadband telephony device.

E. Mobile phones are used for keeping in touch with family members, conducting business, and having

access to a telephone in an emergency. Some people carry more than one cell phone for different

purposes, such as for business and personal use. Multiple SIM cards may also be used to take advantage

of the benefits of different calling plans - a particular plan might provide cheaper local calls, long-

distance calls, international calls, or roaming.

F. Mobile phones have spread more quickly than any other technology and can improve the life of the

poorest people in developing countries. They provide access to information in places where landlines or

the Internet are not available. In Africa, people travel from village to village to let friends and relatives

know about weddings and births. They need not do this if the villages are within coverage. Mobile phones

are recharged using a solar panel or motorcycle battery.

G. Mobile phone use while driving is common but dangerous, as it increases the risk of accident. Many

countries prohibit it. Some schools also limit or restrict the use of mobile phones because cell phones are

used for cheating on tests, harassment and bullying, causing threats to the school's security. Many mobile

phones are banned in school locker room facilities, public restrooms and swimming pools due to the built-

in cameras that most phones now have.

8764523

Задание 4.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А—F частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами 1 — 6. Одна из частей в списке 1 — 7 лишняя.

2. Переведите текст.

3. Составьте план текста и перескажите его.

The world of automobiles has made some dramatic changes in the past century. Each year brings more

innovative improvements in car technology A_____________. However, all that brightness might make

someone feel a bit curious about how it all began.

Way back in the 15th century, Leonardo Da Vinci was working diligently on designs and prototypes for

transport vehicles B______________ . It wasn’t until 1769 that an inventor in France built a working self-

propelled vehicle. His name was Nicolas Cugnot, and the vehicle was a steam powered military tractor.

In Scotland, around 1839, Robert Anderson took a ride in his creation, C_________________ . Today’s

modern hybrid cars use technology based upon the ideas first dreamed of almost 170 years ago!

But the legitimate title of Automobile Inventor would have to go to German inventor, Karl Friedrich

Benz. It was in 1886 that he received a patent on the world’s first gasoline powered automobile,

D_________

.

In the United States, the first patent issued for an automobile was granted in 1789, to Oliver Evans. He

performed an amazing demonstration of his vehicle in 1805, E__________________ . Proudly crowned

the first amphibious vehicle, it never quite made it to production for the public.

It was in 1893 that Charles Edgar Duryea, and his brother Frank introduced to America the first gasoline

powered car that worked the way it was supposed to. These two engineering brothers also started the first

American automobile manufacturing plant.

A common belief is that Henry Ford invented the first car. However, Henry created his first car only in

1896. He had formed and lost two car manufacturing plants by 1903, F____________. His most famous

contribution to the automotive industry was that he invented the first assembly line conveyer belt that

revolutionized the manufacturing of automobiles.

1. because automotive companies are planning to do a lot of scientific research

2. when he started The Ford Motor Company

3. which had a combustion engine and three wheels

4. when he showed the crowd that his automobile was able to travel on land, and in the water by using a

paddle wheel

5. but, unfortunately, none ever came into being

6. so the future looks bright for both car buyers and car manufacturers

7. which he called the Electric Carriage

Ответы 657342

Задание 5.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями предложений, обозначенными

буквами A-G. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя.

2. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

3.Выпишите ключевые слова и перескажите текст.

Ever wonder 1___? There's actually quite a bit of science going on behind the scenes, with several

components working together to bring you that digital-quality signal.

Your channel selection begins with the programming sources themselves. Companies like Showtime,

HBO or Cinemax create their programming. Channel providers then purchase rights to this programming

2________. Once a provider has their programming in place, they turn their attention to the broadcast

centre to compress and convert the programming for satellite broadcast.

Your Dish Network Programming originally arrives as a digital stream of video, which is then

compressed and converted through an encoder, typically using the MPEG2 format. This format reduces

the overall size of the video, 3___________.

Once encoded, the video is then encrypted 4_______. After the video has been encrypted, it is sent to the

provider's satellite, strategically positioned in the sky.

The satellite itself uses a dish similar to your own satellite dish, to receive the video and send it back

down to Earth. When the satellite sends the signal back down to Earth, it is picked up by your satellite

dish, a small round antenna that receives the satellite's broadcast and sends the video on to your satellite

TV receiver.

The satellite TV receiver is that little black box that sits inside your home and allows you to choose

5______. The receiver actually performs several important functions in the satellite viewing process,

including the decryption of the signal itself. If you remember, the satellite signal was scrambled by the

provider to protect it from un-paying consumers. Your receiver 'de-scrambles' that signal and converts the

signal into a format 6________. Together these amazing components create a vividly clear digital picture

for over 200 satellite channels.

A. which channel you want to watch

B. including a power source and a computer system

C. so that the broadcast can only be viewed by paying subscribers

D. so that they can broadcast the shows via satellite

E. how your satellite TV system works

F. making it possible for a satellite to broadcast hundreds of channels at the same time

G. that your television can handle

Ответы E D F CAG

Задание 6.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1—6 частями предложений, обозначенными

буквами A—G. Одна из частей в списке A—G лишняя.

2. Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Найдите в тексте причастие 1и 2 и определите его функции.

4. Объясните на английском языке принцип работы данной машины.

When you mention the name 'Hovercraft' most people think of a helicopter. If someone sees one from the

river bank, the term 'air- boat' comes to their mind because most people are not quite sure

1___________________ . Few people know of the personal sized hovercraft

2______________________.

A hovercraft is a vehicle, designed to travel over any smooth surface. Hovercraft are unique among all

forms of transportation in their ability to travel equally well over land, ice, and water

3____________________ . That is why they are used throughout the world as a means of specialized

transport 4___________________ .

Hovercraft can be powered by one or more engines. The engine drives the fan, which is responsible for

creating high pressure air. The air inflates the 'skirt'-under the vehicle, causing it to rise above the ground.

The Hovercraft Museum, located in Hampshire, houses the world's largest library of documents,

publications, photographs and drawings on hovercraft, 5___________________ . The museum also

contains a large collection of original manufacturer's hovercraft models including the world's first-

working hovercraft model built by Christopher Cockerell.Cockerell's idea was to build a vehicle floating

on a layer of air, 6_____________ . To test his hypothesis, he put one smaller can inside a larger can and

used a hairdryer to blow air into them. Christopher Cockerell was knighted for his achievement in 1969.

Hovercraft have now become much larger, more efficient and are in widespread use all over the world.

A. all of which is available for research.

B where there is the need to travel over multiple types of surfaces.

С what they are looking at.

D. which would reduce friction between the water and vehicle

E so as to entertain the general public.

F that are used worldwide for recreation, racing and rescue.

G because they are supported by a cushion of air.

Ответы C F G B A D

Задание7.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Составьте краткий пересказ текста из 10 предложений.

It was during a radar-related research project around 1946 that Dr. Percy Spencer, while working for

Raytheon Corporation, noticed that a candy bar in his pocket melted during the testing of a new vacuum

tube called a magnetron. This intrigued Dr. Spencer,

A _______________ . This time he placed some

popcorn kernels near the tube and watched B _______________ .

The next morning Spencer decided to put the magnetron tube near an egg. Spencer and a colleague both

watched

C

_______________ . Spencer’s colleague moved in for a closer look just as the egg

splattered yolk all over his face. Dr. Spencer concluded that if you can cook an egg that quickly,

D

_______________ . He began experimenting. Dr. Spencer enclosed the food to be cooked in a metal box

that he fed the microwaves into. He had invented what was to revolutionize cooking and form the basis

of a multimillion dollar industry – the microwave oven.

In 1947, Raytheon demonstrated the world’s first microwave oven and called it a Radarange. The first

microwave ovens cost between $ 2,000 and $ 3,000. Around 1952 – 55, Tappan introduced the first

home model priced at $ 1295. In 1967 Raytheon owned Amana Refrigeration introduced the first

countertop microwave oven, E _______________ .

By 1975, sales of microwave ovens had, for the first time, exceeded those of gas ranges. In 1976, the

microwave

oven

became

a

more

commonly

owned

kitchen

appliance

than

the

dishwasher,

F

_______________ . America’s cooking habits were being dramatically changed by the convenience of

the microwave oven. Once considered a luxury, the microwave oven has developed into a practical

necessity for a fast-paced world of today.

1.

as the popcorn sputtered, cracked and popped

2.

so he decided to ask for help

3.

so he tried another experiment

4.

reaching nearly about 52 million US households

5.

which was smaller, safer and more reliable than previous models

6.

as the egg began to tremor and shake

7.

then you could cook other foods as well

Ответы 316754

Задание 8.

1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными

цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Выпишите из текста все числительные, напишите эти числительные словами, напишите

что обозначают эти числительные.

Television

Few inventions have had as much effect on contemporary society, especially American society, as

television. Before 1947 the number of U.S. homes with television sets A ______ . By the late 1990s, 98

percent of U.S. homes had at least one television set, and those sets were on for an average of more than

seven hours a day. The typical American spends (B ______ ) from two-and-a-half to almost five hours a

day watching television.

The invention of TV is not credited to one single person. Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth both

played instrumental roles. Electronic television was first successfully demonstrated in San Francisco on

Sept. 7, 1927. The system was designed by Philo Taylor Farnsworth, a 21-year-old inventor

who C ______ until he was 14. While still in high school, Farnsworth had begun to think of a system

that D ______ in a form that could be coded onto radio waves and then transformed back into a picture on

a screen. Boris Rosing and Vladimir Zvorykin in Russia had conducted some experiments in E ______

Farnsworth’s first success.

Also, a mechanical television system, which scanned images using a F ______ , had been demonstrated

by John Logic Baird in England and Charles Francis Jenkins in the United States earlier in the 1920s.

However, Farnsworth’s invention and Vladimir Zvorykin’s electronic TV system are the direct ancestors

of modern television.

1. depending on the survey and the time of year

2. rotating disk with holes arranged in a spiral pattern

3. could be measured in the thousands

4. could capture moving images

5. funding a number of research programmes

6. transmitting images 16 years before

7. had lived in a house without electricity

317462

III.Лексико-грамматические задания.

Задание 1.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 5 вопросов по тексту.

Traffic problems.

In January 2003, the Congestion Charge 1__________ INTRODUCE in London to help solve the city’s

traffic problems.

However, London’s motorists still have traffic problems, 2________ CRAWL through the city’s streets.

London is just as congested with cars as it was before the introduction of the traffic charging scheme.

‘Without the Congestion Charge the traffic problems in London would be much 3__________ BAD

now,’ said the TfL’s Managing Director.

‘It 4_________________ PROVE successful in cutting traffic coming into London.’

However, on its own, the traffic charging scheme 5______________ NOT RESOLVE the problem of

congestion in the city. London streets remain clogged by road works and other measures designed to help

pedestrians, buses and cyclists.

Mayor of London Boris Johnson says he now 6____________ WORK with TFL on a ‘comprehensive

approach’ to ease the congestion problem.

He believes that the government soon 7____________ IMPOSE new measures to eliminate traffic

congestion.

Задание2.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Перескажите текст, используя следующие ключевые слова.

Accessible// experience in computing// computer classes// getting online// excited// to set it up// easy//

get online// to call the service provider// a dial-up// within a few hours// wasn’t working properly// black

horizontal lines// to fix// to exchange //experience// in my final year // knowledge

Задание 4.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Используя лексику текста, расскажите о своем первом опыте использования Интернета.

My First Time Online

1. My first internet experience was back in 1997 when the Internet ...........................MAKE accessible to

the public.

2. I had some experience in computing as I ...........................

TAKE a couple of computer classes

before.

3. When the Internet became even ........................... POPULAR, I could no longer resist buying my

own computer and getting online.

4. I was so excited when ........................... BRING the computer home that I just couldn’t wait to set it

up and start surfing the web! The setting up was quite easy but I still couldn’t

get online.

5. I had to call the service provider and establish a dial-up service first. Luckily,

that ........................... NOT TAKE very long. I was able to get online within a few hours.

6. You wouldn’t believe what happened next. I found out that the monitor wasn’t working properly. It

had black horizontal lines running through. While I ........................... TRY to fix it, the screen went

completely black. I went to exchange the monitor the following day, and my real first internet

experience began.

7. Now I am in my final year at university and I can’t imagine my life without the Internet or e-mail. I

hope that as I grow older my knowledge and experience with computers ........................... EXPAND as

technology advances.

Задание 5.

1.Прочитайте 2 текста. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Выпишите из текста все недостатки и преимущества использования компьютера.

Computer Addiction.

1.Excessive computer use can become really _______.ADDICT

And it doesn’t only mean playing computer games. 2.Wireless connection to the Internet has brought the

world close to people making them to _____GRADUAL withdraw into an artificial world of

communication. Lots of young people find virtual reality more attractive than everyday lives. 3.Computer

addiction makes them neglect school and their 4.everyday _________.RESPONSIBLE 5.This of course

leads to ______DESIRE effects. Teenagers become irresponsible in their everyday lives. 6.Computer

addicts become isolated, anti-social and _______CAPABLE of dealing with each other directly. 7.Their

lives become _____AIM without going online to check their email or to chat and they become totally

dependent on their computers.

What Can Computers Do?

1. Computers and microchips ________ BECOME part of our everyday lives. 2.We read magazines

which __________ PRODUCE on computer, we buy things with the help of computer; we pay bills

prepared by computers. 3. Just _______ DIAL a phone number involves the use of a sophisticated

computer system. 4. In the past, life without computers was much ________ DIFFICULT than it is today.

5. The first computers were able to multiply long numbers, but they __________ NOT CAN do anything

else. 6. Nobody _________ BELIEVE stories about robots and space travel, but now computers are able

to do almost all difficult jobs. 7.What makes your computer such a miraculous device? It is a personal

communicator that ________ENABLES you to interact with other computers and with people around the

world. And you can even use your PC to relax with computer games.

Задание 6.

1.Прочитайте 2 текста. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Выпишите из текста все преимущества и недостатки использования Интернета.

Two faces of the Internet.

There are different ways one can look at the Internet. 1.The positive side is that people from around the

globe could ……………………… ACT with one another in a matter of seconds. Instant messaging is the

most popular form of communication online today. 2.People are informed about

the ……………………… AVAILABLE of their friends and can have numerous conversations at the

same time. 3.Another advantage is that there is an ……………………… FINITE amount of knowledge

and information one can get from the Internet. Internet-able students have the possibility to access

information 4.at an ……………………… BELIEVE pace, and creating their reports becomes less

tedious.

5.The negative side is that people who use the Internet for an excessive amount of time

are ……………………… PARTICULAR prone to social isolation and depression.

6.We must admit that internet ……………………… ADDICT is a growing problem with teenagers

nowadays.

The Internet – a Blessing or a Curse?

1.We live in the age of information technology and the Internet is a unique ………………… INVENT,

which has influenced all areas of our lives. 2.Yet some people are ……………………… CERTAIN

about the importance of the Web. Is it a blessing or a curse? 3.One the one hand, with the Internet, it is

now possible to communicate ……………………… EASY. with people all over the world. In addition,

the Internet is very useful, because it makes the world of facts and

4.knowledge……………………… ACCESS to everyone. 5.However, a huge amount of information on

the Internet is also one of its ……………………… WEAK. This diversity makes it difficult to find the

type of information you want. 6.Moreover, the Internet can become ……………………… DANGER

for our society, because of cybercriminals. The information wars of the future may be fought on Web

sites.

Задание 7.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 10 вопросов к тексту.

Computers in Education

1. When Mrs. Bashet’s son walks through the door after school, he ……… NOT HAVE to ask if he has

any homework. 2. She already knows. That’s because in 2007, Dougherty Valley High School, in

California, ……… BUY a program called School Loop, essentially putting grade books, attendance

sheets, student binders, and even blackboards online. 3.With a few mouse clicks on her computer at

work, Mrs. Bashet can check her son’s assignments and test scores as well as see in nearly real time if

he ……… SKIP any class. 4. With School Loop, parents, teachers, administrators, and students can

access a vast quantity of data as effortlessly as opening an email. 5. At the moment school districts

across the country ……… ADOPT School Loop and similar systems, such as Edline and Power School.

6. Ed Zaiontz, executive director of information services, says that the trend toward shuttling

information between schools, homes, and district offices ……… CONTINUE to grow in the future as

the digital divide shrinks.

7.One might expect that today’s high school students who learned to read at the same time as they

learned to click a mouse and hit ‘Enter’ wouldn’t think twice about……… BUY track of their classes

online. 8. However, when the school ………ONE started using School Loop, about half of students

groused about the new window parents would have on their school days.

Задание 8.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Расскажите по плану об истории парашютов.

The history of parachutes

The history of parachutes is full of surprises. 1.The…………… ONE living thing to fall to earth with a

parachute was a sheep. 2.The animal, attached to a seven-foot-wide umbrella,…………… DROP from a

tower in France.

3. In 1797 a Frenchman …………NAME Andre Garnerin climbed into a basket

attached to a hot-air balloon and rose into the air above Paris. When he reached an altitude of 2,230 feet,

he cut the basket loose and fell toward the earth under an umbrella-like parachute. 4.No one knew if a

parachute would work from that height, but it …………… DO, and Garnerin went on to give many more

parachute-jumping exhibitions.

Задание 9.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали

содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Выпишите из текста придаточные определительные предложения.

Build Your Own Robot!

1. Lego Mindstorms NXT is back and better than ever! You are lucky if you have such

a ………… COLOUR set of Lego bricks Mindstorms NXT.

2. With new robot models, even more customizable programming, and all-new technology including a

color sensor, you will never exhaust its …………CREATE potential.

3. The Lego Mindstorms NXT is the perfect gadget for those who would like to create their own robots

the way they like to and with unique features. With active imagination as your guide, there are …………

COUNT combinations of robots that you can create, some of which can be rather incredible.

4. However, don’t be …………… PATIENT because modeling takes time.

5.LEGO Mindstorm NXT is rather …………… EXPENSIVE, so everyone can buy it

6. We hope that LEGO Mindstorm NXT will produce an unforgettable …………

IMPRESS on you.

Задание10.

1.Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте если необходимо слова, напечатанные заглавными

буквами после пробелов так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали

содержанию текста.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Ответьте на вопрос Why is cyber communication so important in the modern world?

Cyber communication

The development of cyber communication - email, text messaging, and social networking - has

revolutionized the way we communicate. 1.Quick and ………SUCCESS

communication via the Internet has proved essential to national governments, and to the individual. 2.

Now, we can send and receive important messages, communicate and clarify

statements…………… PRACTICAL within seconds.3.Cyber communication is very important

in……………… BUSY. On a more individual level, cyber communication has transformed the method

in which people communicate. 4. In particular, social networking sites have provided access to people in

every corner of the globe and their …………POPULAR is growing. 5. This has helped old friends

living far apart to maintain a close …………RELATION. 6. For many people, not just teens, social

networking has become an alternative 7. to ……………TRADITION forms of communication -

writing a letter, a face-to-face conversation, or a phone call.

Задание11.

1.Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными буквами. Эти буквы соответствуют

заданиям А-G, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Выберите номер

выбранного вами варианта ответа.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 10 вопросов к тексту.

The Changing World of Computers

Computers are rapidly changing the way we do things. For a technology that is still relatively new,

their A...... on the business and consumer sector has been incomprehensible. As if it was not sufficient to

own one computer, many people nowadays have a few of them. We think we need a desktop computer, a

laptop computer, and a bunch of little computers in our phones and music players, even B ...... they

actually do the same thing. Now that everybody has their desktops and laptops, and we are all able

to C ..... the Internet anytime we want to, our world has turned into a virtual playground. We can now

connect with our foreign neighbours in a matter of seconds, D ....... of how far away they are from us. It's

as if we no longer have borders in this highly digital world of ours.

Desktops have always been a great option, but the problem with them is that they are not mobile. They

have all the E..... of other computers, but it can be annoying at times to have to sit in the same spot while

working. For businesses and personal offices, desktop computers are still the favoured option because of

their power. But when people have to be connected while travelling, the need for laptops really becomes

apparent. The main advantage of laptops is the ability to communicate with people no F...... where you

are. Our society has been converted into one that has to have all the latest gadgets. Some people

even G ...... down on others if they still have last year's model of some gadget. Those people will always

be behind the curve just because of how fast technology is advancing now.

А

1) affect

2) role

3) impact

4) value

B

1) though

2) now

3) so

4) as

C

1) register

2) log

3) connect

4) access

D

1) regardless

2) regarding

3) in spite

4) despite

E

1) qualities

2) skills

3) capabilities

4) traits

F

1) trouble

2) matter

3) doubt

4) problem

G

1) turn

2) fall

3) come

4)look

Ответы 3141324

Задание12.

1.Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными буквами. Эти буквы соответствуют

заданиям А-G, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Выберите номер

выбранного вами варианта ответа.

2.Переведите текст на русский язык.

3.Задайте 9- 10 вопросов к тексту.

What Does the Future Hold?

Have you ever thought about the future? One of the most amazing predictions I have heard about the

twenty-first century is that we will be living longer and longer. Scientists will have A …up with a cure for

a lot of the most common diseases that people die of at the moment. They say that by the year 2050, the

average person's lifespan will have B … to one hundred years.

They also predict that work will take C… less of our lives and we will have more free time to spend.

Robots, which will look more and more like human beings, will have taken D… a lot of the boring

everyday jobs we do today. In the next ten years, the Japanese will have E…. a robot that understands

human speech. This is not science fiction: the optimists say that by the year 2020 we will have created

humanoids with brains similar to those of an adult human being. This will F…. about a big change in the

way we live.

However, many experts feel pessimistic about the future. They predict that people themselves will look

like robots. They will have microchips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide

variety of gadgets. Some experts even see robots as a G…. to human freedom. They are afraid that we

will not be able to control them and that in the end, they will control us.

А

l) turned

2) made

3) come 4) found

B 1) gone2) risen 3) turned 4) come

C

1) on2) up3) over4) away

D

1) up2) off3) over 4) in

E 1) discovered 2) found) done 4) invented

F 1) bring 2) turn3) take 4) come

G

1) damage 2) dream 3) threat 4) problem

Ответы 1242423

Примерные вопросы.

1.

What is one of the most amazing predictions about the 21 century?

2.

What will be

the life-span of a person by the year 2050?

3.

Why will people live longer and longer?

4.

Why will we have more free time to spend?

5.

What kind of robots will Japanese invent in the next ten years?

6.

What kind of humanoids will we have created in the future?

7.

What do many pessimistic people predict?

8.

Why will people look like robots?

9.

How do some experts see robots?

Задание13.

1.Прочитайте и переведите текст.

2.Придумайте 2 задания к тексту.

How Does Wind Power Really Work?

Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future but do you really know how wind

power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved in generating wind power. This

type of power can not only save us a good deal of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an

important role in saving our planet.

For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in reality, air is a

fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. This is different from other fluids that are made of liquid

particles. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created

which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.

The way that this wind energy is captured is by utilizing turbine blades that are connected to a shaft. This

shaft is then fitted to a generator which then converts this energy into electrical energy which is then used

for power. Basically, wind power is merely taking one kind of energy and changing it into some other

form of energy.

Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is

the blades that are used. These turbine blades are designed not unlike the wings on an airplane. This

design is very critical to maximize the effectiveness of the turbine but there is something else which is

critical. The other critical component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more

energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.

It is feasible to actually quadruple the amount of power output by utilizing a blade that is twice the size in

diameter! Much also depends on on where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low

wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In

an area that is very windy, it is much better to use the largest blades feasible in order to use all of the wind

available.

There is definitely more involved with how wind power is made but this gives you the fundamental

principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Wind power is getting more popular not only

with huge utility companies, but also with the common homeowner who is looking to save some money.

Today is a fantastic time to do as much research as you can about wind power so you will be able to make

educated decisions in the future.

Задание14.

1.Прочитайте и переведите текст.

2.Придумайте 2 задания к тексту.

Rubik's Cube

Every invention has an official birth date. For the Cube this date is 1974 when the first working prototype

came into being. The inventor's name is now a household word, Rubik's Cube.

Although 1974 marks the inauguration of the Cube, the processes that led to the invention began a few

years earlier. At the time, Erno Rubik was a lecturer at the Department of Interior Design at the Academy

of Applied Arts and Crafts in Budapest.

In the course of his teaching, Erno Rubik preferred to communicate his ideas by the use of actual models,

made from paper, cardboard, wood or plastic, challenging his students to experiment by manipulating

clearly constructed and easily interpreted forms. It was the realisation that even the simplest elements,

cleverly duplicated and manipulated, yield an abundance of multiple forms that was the first step on the

long road that led finally to the Cube.

When the Cube was complete, Erno Rubik demonstrated it to his students and let some of his friends play

with it. the effect was instantaneous. once somebody laid his hands on the cube it was difficult to get it

back! the compulsive interest of friends and students in the Cube caught its creator completely by surprise

and it was months before any thought was given to the possibility of producing it on an industrial scale.

During 1978, without any promotion or publicity, the Cube began very slowly to make its way through

the hands of fascinated youths into homes, playgrounds and schools.

The challenge of trying to master the Cube, to be able to restore all of its six sides to the original colours

seemed to have a mesmeric effect on an amazing variety of individuals right across age, occupation,

wealth and social standing. Grandmothers, bank managers, baseball players, pilots, librarians, park

attendants could be seen working away at their Cubes at any hour of the day. In restaurants the Cube

would feature on tables side by side with salt and pepper pots, handled with greater frequency than either.

But it was the young, schoolboys and students, who were in the vanguard of what was fast becoming a

massive movement that swept through the world. They were the ones who proved most adept at solving

the puzzle, they were the ones to form special cubists clubs, to organise competitions, to suffer from

Rubik's wrist playing continuously for hours and days with an object that simply could not put down.

But now, in its second incarnation, the Cube is part of a family of puzzles and games which bear the

stamp of the genius who created the greatest three dimensional puzzle the world has ever known.

Erno Rubik has not changed much over the years. working closely with seven towns, he is still deeply

engaged in creating new games and puzzles, and remains one of the principal beneficiaries of what

proved to be a spectacularly successful invention.